What Types Of Local Conflicts Became Cold War Conflicts – The Cold War Era (1945–1991) Lesson 1 New Global Conflicts Learning Objectives Summarize how the outcome of World War II contributed to the development of the Cold War. Identify the ongoing Cold War conflict in Germany and Eastern Europe. Describe the growth of the nuclear arms race. Analyze how the Cold War became a global conflict. Compare the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
The Cold War Era (1945–1991) Lesson 1 Key Terms New Global Conflict Superpowers, The Truman Doctrine of the Cold War, Containment, The Marshall Plan. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Warsaw Pact. Fidel Castro’s Detente, John F. Kennedy’s Ideology, Nikita Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev
What Types Of Local Conflicts Became Cold War Conflicts
Amidst the ruins of war, a new power structure emerged. Germany lost in Europe. France and Britain are tired. Two other powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, emerged as great powers, countries with the economic resources and military might to dominate the world. The United States abandoned its traditional isolationist policy to deal with what President Truman saw as a communist threat.
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Churchill, Truman and Stalin shook hands at the Potsdam Conference in Germany in July, despite being at war with Japan, but the wartime alliance leaders concealed the growing tensions between them.
Stalin soon showed his aggressive intentions outside of Eastern Europe. In Greece, Stalin supported communist rebels fighting to overthrow the British-backed moderate monarchy. But by 1947, Britain was unable to protect Greece. Stalin also threatened Turkey and the important shipping lane through the Dardanelles.
The Iron Curtain The Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan AIDS Europe Divided Germany Berlin Airlift New Alliances Propaganda War
In a 1946 speech at Westminster College in Missouri, Winston Churchill declared that an “Iron Curtain” now divided communist Eastern Europe from democratic Western Europe.
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After World War II, Germany was divided into two countries. East Germany was controlled by the Soviet Union. West Germany established a democratic government with the support of the Western powers. Map Analysis Why was it easy for the Soviets to cut off supplies to West Berlin?
As the Cold War intensified, the superpowers – the United States and the Soviet Union – faced each other in Europe and around the world. For more than 40 years, the Cold War loomed over Europe. Great powers generally avoided direct conflict. A number of other events brought Europe to the brink of war.
Although some countries remained neutral, in general, Western European countries remained part of NATO, while Eastern European countries joined the Warsaw Pact. Map Analysis Which Warsaw Pact countries border NATO countries?
The Berlin Wall divided East and West Berlin, preventing East Berliners from fleeing to West Berlin.
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15 Nuclear Arms Race One of the most frightening aspects of the Cold War was the arms race. Each side must be able to withstand the attack of the other. First, the United States was the only nuclear power to possess an atomic bomb. But by 1949 the Soviet Union had also developed the atomic bomb. By 1953, both sides of the Cold War had developed the most destructive military technology – the hydrogen bomb.
17 Nuclear Arms Race Great powers also competed in the “space race”. After the Soviets launched the first satellite, Sputnik, the United States responded by creating NASA and the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs.
18 Nuclear Arms Race Analysis Charts Compare the 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, the 1972 SALT II Treaty, and the START Treaty How did each of the later treaties supersede the treaty that came before it?
The great powers were able to fight the Cold War not only in Europe but also around the world. By the end of World War II, the Soviets were aiding Communist forces in China, Korea, and elsewhere. The United States acted in response to the global threat of communism.
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Establishing alliances and centers where the Cold War was hot in the United States and Latin America The Communist Revolution in Cuba The Cuban Missile Crisis
Map Analysis During the Cold War, many countries in the world aligned themselves with the United States or the Soviet Union. How many communist countries are there in Africa and South America?
The United States maintains a number of military bases overseas, and its navy plays a vital role in maintaining the United States’ presence around the world.
Victory in World War II brought little reward to the Soviet people. Stalin continued his brutal policies. He filled the labor camps with “enemies of the state” and when he died in 1953 appeared ready for a new purge.
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In 1969, the Soviet Union celebrated the anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution with this military parade in Moscow.
The Cold War was not just a military contest. It is also a contest between two opposing economic and political value systems. Unlike communist countries, democratic, capitalist countries led by America gave citizens the freedom to make economic and political choices. These countries value freedom and prosperity. They believed that economic freedom and free market principles would help improve the human condition – especially compared to the command economies of the communist world.
Consumers living in free market economies make more economic choices than those in regulated economies. Chart Analysis Who makes most financial decisions in a command economy?
Many people working in the film industry were called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). They were asked to give the “names” of those they believed to be members of the Communist Party.
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Without Red Army intervention in Eastern Europe after the war, A. Soviet-sponsored governments could have been imposed. B. Non-communist parties may be elected. C. Czechoslovakia would not have been divided. D. The rebels in Poland had no allies.
NATO and the Warsaw Pact were important in maintaining the “balance of power” in Cold War Europe because A. member states could attack each other at will. B. Each superpower has the same number of countries in its military alliance. C. Fear of another’s military power prevented each great power from attacking. D. There were no longer any neutral countries on the European continent.
The Warsaw Pact was a way to exercise its authority. Spying on non-communist members. B. Give equal funding to all communist parties. C. continuously occupied major cities with the Red Army. D. Intervene in rebellion.
Despite the “balance of terror,” why do people still fear nuclear war? A. The superpowers continued to develop new nuclear weapons. B. The superpowers entered détente. C. Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) is inevitable. D. There has never been a head-to-head clash between the superpowers.
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What types of local conflicts became Cold War conflicts? A. Conflicts involving US allies only B. Conflicts involving NATO members C. Conflicts in which the United States and the Soviet Union had competing interests d. The only conflicts are over a shared border with a US ally
How did America respond to the threat of communism at home and abroad? A. Americans tolerated communism at home and abroad. B. While the United States banned communism at home, the Warsaw Pact addressed communism abroad. C. NATO eliminated communism in the United States, while the Marshall Plan tackled communism abroad. D. The United States sought to eliminate communist influences at home and contain communism abroad.
In order for this website to function, we log user data and share it with processors. To use this website, you must accept our privacy policy, including the cookies policy. Two South Korean army officers were observing activity in Communist territory just across the twenty-eighth parallel. This photo was taken at the beginning of the Korean War. Source: US Army Korean War Flickr page http://tiny.cc/18tfmw.
North Korea invaded South Korea on June 25, 1950, leading to the Korean War. Cold War expectations governed the immediate response of US leaders, who immediately concluded that Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin had ordered the invasion as the first step in his plan for world conquest. “Communism,” President Harry S. Truman later argued in his memoirs, “is operating in Korea as [Adolf] Hitler, [Benito] Mussolini, and the Japanese operated ten, fifteen, and twenty years ago.” If North Korea’s aggression “goes unchallenged, the world is sure to plunge into another world war.” This history lesson from the 1930s prevented Truman from recognizing that the roots of this conflict date back at least to the beginning of World War II, when Korea was a Japanese colony. Liberation in August 1945 led to partition and a hypothetical war because the United States and the Soviet Union refused to allow the Korean people to decide their own future.
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Before 1941, the United States had no significant interests in Korea, and its fate was very different. But after Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his advisers immediately recognized the importance of this strategic peninsula for peace in Asia, advocating a postwar trusteeship to achieve Korean independence. In late 1943, Roosevelt signed the Cairo Declaration with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and China’s Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, stating that the Allies “resolved that Korea should become free and independent.” At the Yalta Conference in early 1945, Stalin endorsed a four-power trusteeship.
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