What Is The Envelope Of Gas That Surrounds Earth – Atmosphere Silly words. Definition of atmosphere: The envelope of gases surrounding the Earth. Example: Earth’s atmosphere is a thin layer of gas.
Keynote Speech: “Atmosphere, stupid word. Definition of atmosphere: The envelope of gases that surrounds the Earth. Example: Earth’s atmosphere is a thin layer of gas.” – Speech Transcript:
What Is The Envelope Of Gas That Surrounds Earth
2 Atmosphere Definition: The gaseous envelope around a planet. Example: Earth’s atmosphere is a thin layer of gases on the Earth’s surface. Imagine you have an apple, and if you breathe into it, you’ve basically mapped out what our atmosphere looks like. Why do you think this is an example?
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3 Altitude Definition: Altitude or elevation means altitude above sea level. Altitude and air pressure are inversely proportional. What do you think this means? Normally air pressure decreases with altitude. Example: Comparing beaches and mountains. Who is superior?
4 Composition of the atmosphere The Earth’s atmosphere consists of a mixture of different types of atoms and molecules. Earth’s atmosphere is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and many other gases, as well as particles of liquid and solid matter. Look at the picture, which gas is most abundant? Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. It makes up a little over three-quarters of the air we breathe. There are two nitrogen atoms in each nitrogen molecule. Let’s make one.
5 Oxygen makes up 21% of Earth’s atmosphere Oxygen: The second most abundant gas in the atmosphere, accounting for less than a quarter of its volume. Why is oxygen important? Plants and animals get oxygen directly from the air and use it to release energy from food. Can you think of other processes that involve oxygen? -Oxygen is involved in the fuel burned in a car, or even the candles on a birthday cake. Let’s draw an oxygen molecule.
6 Ozone Let’s make an ozone molecule! How does it look compared to monomolecular oxygen? Definition: Ozone is a form of oxygen that contains three oxygen atoms per molecule instead of the usual two.
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7 Ozone layer The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere and surrounds the entire earth. UV-B radiation (280 to 315 nanometer (nm) wavelength) from the sun is partially absorbed in this layer. As a result, the amount of UV-B reaching the Earth’s surface is greatly reduced. Why is absorbing solar radiation a good thing?
8 Carbon dioxide exists in less than 1% of the Earth’s atmosphere Let’s make a carbon dioxide molecule! How does it compare to ozone and oxygen? Each carbon dioxide molecule contains one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. Carbon dioxide is necessary for life. Plants need carbon dioxide to make food. Carbon dioxide is released as waste.
9 Water Vapor Definition: Water vapor is water in gaseous state. Exists in the water cycle. It plays a very important role when we talk about Earth’s weather. Example: Clouds are made of water vapor
10 Air Pressure Think Tank: Does Air Have Quality? Write down your thoughts in an interactive notebook. To find out, we’re going to set up a small demo lab.
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11 Air pressure Definition: The force acting on an area or surface is called pressure. The weight of the atmosphere exerts a force on the surface. So air pressure is the result of the weight of a column of air exerting pressure on an area. Air pressure changes from day to day. We use a barometer to measure air pressure. Measured in millibars.
12 Air Density Although air may appear to have no mass, we know it is not. Definition: The mass in a given volume of air is its density. D=mass/volume
Download PPT “Atmosphere Stupid Words. Definition of atmosphere: The covering of gases surrounding the Earth. Example: Earth’s atmosphere is a thin layer of gas. “
In order for this website to function properly, we record user data and share it with our processors. In order to use this website, you must agree to our Privacy Policy, including the Cookie Policy. Earth’s atmosphere surrounds us. Most people take this for granted. But don’t. Among other things, it protects us from radiation and prevents our precious water from evaporating into space. It keeps the planet warm and provides us with the oxygen we need to breathe. In fact, it is the atmosphere that makes the Earth livable, lovely home, lovely home.
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The atmosphere extends from the Earth’s surface to more than 10,000 kilometers (6,200 miles) above the planet. The 10,000 kilometers are divided into five different layers. From the bottom to the top, each layer has the same air composition. But the higher it is, the farther apart the air molecules are.
Come on, stick your head into the troposphere (TROH-poh-dread). The lowest layer of the atmosphere begins at the ground and extends to 14 kilometers (9 miles) above the equator. This is where it is thickest. It is thinnest above the poles, at only about 8 kilometers (5 miles). The troposphere contains almost all the water vapor on Earth. This is where most of the clouds are moved by the wind and where the weather happens. Water vapor and air circulate continuously in turbulent convection. Not surprisingly, the troposphere is also the densest layer on record. It contains 80% of the mass of the entire atmosphere. The higher the layer, the lower the temperature. Want to eat ice in summer? Head to where the upper troposphere bathes the highest mountain peaks. The boundary between the troposphere and the next layer is called the tropopause.
Unlike the troposphere, the temperature of this layer increases with altitude. The stratosphere is very dry, so clouds rarely form here. It also contains most of the atmosphere’s ozone, a triplet molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. At this altitude, ozone protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. This is a very stable layer with very few loops. As a result, commercial airlines fly in the lower stratosphere to keep flights on track. This lack of vertical motion also explains why objects that enter the stratosphere stay there for a long time. These “stuff” could include aerosol particles that are ejected into the sky by volcanic eruptions, or even smoke from wildfires. Pollutants such as chlorofluorocarbons (Chlor-oh-flor-oh-KAR-buns) are also stored in this layer. These chemicals (commonly known as CFCs) destroy the protective layer of the ozone layer, making it considerably thinner. At the top of the stratosphere, known as the stratopause, air is only one-thousandth as dense as Earth’s surface.
The lowest layer of the atmosphere — the troposphere — appears orange in this image from the International Space Station. Pictured above is the lower part of the blue stratosphere. nasa
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Scientists don’t know much about this layer. Learning is even more difficult. Airplanes and research balloons do not fly at such altitudes, while satellites orbit much higher. We know that most meteors burn up harmlessly in the mesosphere (probably a sphere) on their way to Earth. Near the top of this layer, temperatures drop to the lowest in Earth’s atmosphere—about −90°C (−130°F). You guessed it, the line that marks the top of the mid-level is called the mid-level top. If you’ve ever traveled that far, congratulations! According to the U.S. Air Force, you’re officially an astronaut—aka astronaut.
Midlife menopause is also known as Karman Rekha. It is named after the Hungarian-born physicist Theodor von Kármán. He wanted to determine the lower edge of outer space. They set it at about 80 kilometers (50 miles). Some agencies of the U.S. government have accepted it as the definition of space beginnings. Other agencies put the imaginary line a little higher: 100 kilometers (62 miles).
The ionosphere is the region of charged particles that extends from the upper stratosphere or lower mesosphere to the exosphere. The ionosphere reflects radio waves; this allows radio communications.
The next layer above is the thermal layer. It absorbs X-ray and UV energy from the sun, protecting us on the ground from these harmful rays. Fluctuations in solar energy can also cause dramatic changes in thermospheric temperature. Temperatures can range from extremely cold to hot around 1,980 ºC (3,600 ºF) near the top. The thickness of this layer expands when heated and contracts when cooled due to changes in the sun’s energy output. In addition to all the charged particles, the thermosphere is also home to beautiful celestial light shows known as auroras. The top boundary of this layer is called the thermopause.
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The uppermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere is called the exosphere. Its lower bound is called the exobase. The top of the exosphere is not strictly defined. Instead, it disappears further into space.
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