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How Many Songs Can A Cd Hold
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Compact disc (CD), a printed plastic disc containing digital data that is scanned with a laser beam to reproduce recorded sound and other information. Since its commercial launch in 1982, the audio CD has almost completely replaced the turntable disc (or record) for high-fidelity recorded music. Invented by Philips Electronics NV and Sony Corporation in 1980, the disc has expanded beyond audio recordings to other storage and distribution uses, notably for computers (CD-ROM) and entertainment systems (DVD) .
A standard CD is 120 mm (4.75 in) in diameter and 1.2 mm (0.05 in) thick. It consists of a transparent polycarbonate plastic substrate, a reflective metallic layer and a transparent acrylic plastic protective coating. The reflective metal layer is where the audio data is read in the form of tiny (about 0.83 µm) dimples (pits) and contrasting flat areas (grounds) arranged in a spiral track (groove) that extends from the inner hole of the disk to the its outer edge. Adjacent slot centers are 1.6 µm (0.0016 mm) apart A smaller single CD (80 mm [3.1 in] diameter) is also used for audio distribution.
Digital voice recording). The information on this film is used to modulate a beam of light from a blue laser as it traces a spiral path through a rotating glass disc. The glass is coated with a light-sensitive material that dissolves where it is exposed to laser pulses and creates pits. This “glass master” is covered with a thin layer of nickel to form a “metal master”, and the metal master in turn is used to produce a number of “mothers”. Each mother serves as a master for several metal “stamps”, on which the molten polycarbonate is injected to be printed in transparent plastic discs. Each disc is exposed to a vaporized or opaque aluminum flux, which forms the reflective layer, and then coated with the protective acrylic layer. The entire production process is carried out under clean and controlled laboratory conditions.
However, by the mid-1990s, developments in computer technology had advanced so that CD recording and duplication could eliminate the need for a digital master tape. High-quality sound recordings from the microphone or other device can be sent directly to computer programs whose digital files can be stored on the computer’s hard disk (or magnetic storage media) before being transferred to CD.
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When a CD is inserted into a CD player, the CD track is scanned by a low-power infrared laser with a focal spot of 1 micrometer in diameter. In order for the laser to maintain a constant scan rate, the disk rotation rate drops from 500 to 200 revolutions per minute when the light beam exits the center of the disk. (Some CD players use two additional lasers to help control the rotation of the disc and the focus of the scanning laser.) When the light beam hits the ground, it is reflected to the photodiode, and an electrical pulse is generated. . However, when the light beam hits the pit, no electrical impulse is generated. This is because the light reflected from the pit, which is about a quarter of the wavelength of the scanning infrared beam (0.78 µm) deep, is out of phase with the light reflected from the track of adjacent separation, and therefore the reflected light is reduced. below the level required to activate the photodiode. Each “dark” hole in the track is interpreted (based on its length) as a sequence of 0’s in binary logic, and each “light” ground is interpreted (again based on its length) as a sequence of 1. The digital-to-analog converter is needed to translate – and correct for the wrong reading of data due to Minor surface imperfections on the disc or imperfect laser alignment – this binary information into audio signals for playback (this month 33 years ago), in March 1983, America had its first wind of the compact disc. The CDs were first released in Japan, but did not make their way to the United States until several months later. (NPR has a helpful timeline of important dates on the compact-disc series.)
It might sound silly, but then, these plastic balls on display represent an amazing technological innovation. Here’s a New York Times report from that March:
The digital disc and player, which debuts in retail stores this month, is compared in the music industry to the advent of stereophonic sound or extended recording. However, the impact of the CD on record producers, audio equipment manufacturers and most importantly on the music-loving consumer will probably be more gradual than in the two previous revolutions, according to analysts. The technological leap is truly radical. The CDs are 4 3/4 inches in diameter as opposed to regular 12 inch CDs, and about the same thickness. CDs are mainly made of transparent plastic and aluminum. They are played on one side, but yield up to 60 minutes of playing time.
Sold? Not so fast: Only 75 stores nationwide sell CDs, and you’ll have to be prepared to shell out the big bucks — about $900 for Sony and Magnewax players, with discs ranging from $16 to $20.
I Never Owned Any Music To Begin With
Of all the arts, music has probably been most changed by digital technology – a change heralded by the record industry’s transition from vinyl to compact discs in the 1980s. Most consumers they did not associate their CDs with computers, but, of course, the music on those discs is digital data. As such, it shares the great advantages of all digitally encoded information – it is perfectly reproducible (an identical copy to the original) and completely editable. Today, especially in pop music, many of the vocal and instrumental sounds originate from digital equipment, and the layers of the many tracks that make up a performance are entirely computer-based.
Nothing lasts forever; The CD will soon give way to the age of MP3 players and the iPod, and then the iPhone and Spotify. An early example of this transition comes from Ben Auburn in The Atlantic in 1999: The Beastie Boys released a non-traditional album that allowed buyers to “select any Beastie Boys track (including unreleased and out-of-print material) , arrange your selections. on two discs, and order the resulting set”, thus “essentially denying the intention of the artist in collecting and sequencing a group of songs”. he continues:
However, this process still retains an analog part, or rather solid: in the end the music you choose is burned on a real disc, a sleeve is printed and the whole package is sent to you in the mail. Until MP3 players (basically small hard drives that you load sound files on from your computer) become as common as the Walkman (or car stereo), this tangible aspect of buying music online will remain. Except for early adopters—like college students with high-speed Internet connections and money to spend on early Walkman MP3 players—most music buyers, like most book readers , they always want something to keep, something to show that they own. the songs they chose. Most of us are very happy to listen to the radio without recording it for posterity, just as we are happy to read and then recycle a magazine; But records, like books, remain unavailable – they are things to put on shelves in living rooms, totems that help us define our characters. Only when we are ready to give up the tangible – perhaps when our data can follow us as easily and safely as you can slip a book or a CD into a bag – will downloadable music eclipse the compact disc. Turns out there’s a good reason. And in this case, more is not better. Quite the opposite. Less is more when it comes to vinyl. Let’s take a closer look.
There really isn’t a set limit to how much music a disc can hold, but there are standards.
How Much Music Can A Vinyl Record Hold?
A vinyl record can safely hold about 23 minutes per side for a 12-inch disc, if it meets the industry standard. However, it comes with some caveats (explanation to come).
A 7 inch record can contain about 5 minutes per side (again, this can vary based on many other factors). This is somewhat shocking considering how expensive vinyl records are.
Most record producers try to keep to the standard, which is about 23 minutes for a 12-inch LP and 5 minutes per side for a 7-inch single. This is not a rule, and it varies by version, budget and artist.
In fact, even if a barrel of 12 inches
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