How Did Suleiman Govern The Ottoman Empire – The Ottomans conquered Baghdad, lower Mesopotamia, the mouths of the Euphrates and Tigris, and part of the Persian Gulf.
The capture of Baghdad in 1534 by Suleiman the Magnificent from the Safavid Empire under Tahmasp I was part of the Ottoman-Safavid War of 1532 to 1555, itself part of a series of Ottoman-Persian wars. The city was captured without resistance, the Safawad government fled, leaving the city unprotected.
How Did Suleiman Govern The Ottoman Empire
The capture of Baghdad was a great achievement because it controlled the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their international and regional trade.
Suleiman The Magnificent
This, along with the fall of Basra in 1546, represented an important step towards a possible Ottoman conquest and acquisition of Lower Mesopotamia, the mouth of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, which provided a trade route into the Gulf of the Gulf.
The Ottoman Empire stayed there until 1535, overseeing the rebuilding of Sunni and Shia shrines and agricultural activities. Suleiman returned to Constantinople, leaving behind a strong army.
In the last few years, the Ottomans strengthened their control over the region and incorporated it into their empire until the Persians recaptured it in 1623.
This article is about war in Ottoman history. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The historian says ‘with certainty’ that the remains found near Szigetvar in southern Hungary point to the resting place of the Sultan of the 16th century of the Ottoman Empire.
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A Hungarian historian said that the remains of the tomb of the Ottoman Emperor Suleiman the Magnificent, who died in 1566 while his forces were besieging Szigetvar in southern Hungary, have been discovered.
Norbert Pap, of the University of Pecs, said that according to all indications, the tomb was built on the place where Suleiman’s tent stood and where he died. Pap said that the evidence that it is Suleiman’s tomb was discovered during the excavation, as well as some historical evidence, although more research is needed to confirm the discovery.
“We have data that all point in the same direction,” Pap said Wednesday while introducing the new study. “That’s why we say ‘actually’, because there is no sign that shows a different way. But more confirmation is needed, because it is a sensitive issue.
Until his death at the age of 71, Suleiman was the longest-reigning ruler of the Ottoman Empire. Under him, during his 46-year reign, the Turks expanded their power in the Balkans, the Middle East and North Africa.
Suleyman The Magnificent And His Age
What is believed to be the tomb of the Sultan is located in the old settlement of Turbek, which was destroyed in the 1680s. The discovery of the settlement was announced by Pap in 2013.
Historians believe that Suleiman’s heart was buried in the tomb and his body was returned to Constantinople, as Istanbul was known at the time. His death in Szigetvar was kept secret for 48 days to prevent his soldiers from leaving the battle.
Szigetvar was protected by local residents led by Croatian-Hungarian Miklos Zrinyi. Spain was a major victory for the Turks and delayed their advance in Vienna for several years.
Pap said that some of the buildings near the tomb, which are still underground, seem to be a small mosque and a monastery. He said that in the month of April, the excavation of resources will continue there. Suleiman the Magnificent, also known as Suleiman I, or Suleiman the Lawgiver in Turkish, was the tenth Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. His reign spanned 45 years, from 1520-66, and marked an important period in the history of the Ottoman Empire in the mid-sixteenth century. In addition to being one of the greatest presidents of all time, he stood out among other leaders, even among the competition he faced from his European contemporaries: Henry VIII of England, Francis I of France, and Charles V, King Holy Rome. .
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Suleiman was the son of another great Muslim Sultan, Selim I (r. 1512-20), who despite his short reign, oversaw a significant expansion of the Ottoman Empire, including the conquest of the Mamluk-Sultanate of Egypt from 1516-17. . During the reign of Selim I, the Ottoman Empire increased by 70%, and by his death in 1520 it covered 3.4 million square kilometers (1.3 million square miles) from Algeria to Moldavia.
Suleiman was born in November 1494, and although the date is often disputed, the 6th of November is generally accepted. His father, as mentioned above, was Selim I, and his mother was a woman named Hafsa Sultan. Her origins are unknown, although it is clear that she converted to Islam at some point in her life.
At the age of 7, Suleiman studied at the Topkapi Palace in Constantinople, where he was taught a variety of subjects, including history, science, literature, theology and military strategy – something that greatly contributed to his success. in his next life.
At the age of 17, he was appointed governor of Kaffa, a port on the Crimean coast of the Red Sea, perhaps best remembered for his role in spreading the Black Death in Europe 150 years before Suleiman’s birth. .
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After his father’s death in 1520, Suleiman ascended the throne and became the tenth Sultan. He spent little time preparing a military campaign to further expand the territory of the Ottoman Empire, and in 1521 he launched his first campaign against Christian Europe from Belgrade.
In mid-May 1521, Suleiman began to gather the Ottoman army and marched towards Belgrade under the leadership of Christian. The Hungarian army (since they were holding the city of Belgrade) could not attack the Ottoman army, and surrendered to Suleiman’s forces during the conflict. The battle was fought from June 25 to August 29 and resulted in a victory for the Ottomans. This victory was also very important for the Ottoman Empire itself: it was the farthest west it had ever expanded in its history.
The following year, Suleiman attacked the Greek island of Rhodes. In 1480, under the leadership of Mesih Pasha, the Ottoman Empire unsuccessfully captured the island fortress of the Knights Hospitaller, which was a medieval Catholic military order that arose from the Crusades.
However, under the leadership of Suleiman, the army of the Ottoman Empire successfully besieged the island. On June 26, 1522, 400 Ottoman ships arrived off the coast of Rhodes to begin the siege. After two days Suleiman arrived himself, he arrived with 100 thousand troops.
Crossing Borders Across Venetian, Habsburg And Ottoman Empires, 1500 1800
The attack included heavy artillery and artillery, in an early display of war, and the walls of the fort finally began to crumble. The attack lasted until December 22, when the Rhodesian delegation agreed to Suleiman’s (rather generous) terms, including that Suleiman promised not to convert any churches into mosques.
The victory was very important for the Ottoman Empire, because the capture of Rhodes meant that the Ottomans controlled almost the entire eastern Mediterranean, which made communication and trade with Constantinople and the Levant easier. But Suleiman looked further west, in Europe.
In 1525, the army of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (r. 1519-56) defeated Francis I of France (r. 1515-47) in the Battle of Pavia. Francis was arrested and forced to sign the Treaty of Madrid, which ceded parts of Francis’ territory to Charles, promising to marry his sister to the king.
The treaty was signed on 14 January 1526 and Francis was released from prison. However, once Francis crossed the border to France, he joined other European leaders in establishing the Cognac League to get rid of Charles V. And who turned in the East? Solomon.
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Francis asked Suleiman to fight against the Holy Roman Empire, and the road from Turkey led through Hungary to the Holy Roman Empire. Fortunately for Francis and Suleiman, relations between Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were strained after Suleiman’s conquest of Belgrade in 1521, and in 1526 they were in a bad state. As a result, this allowed Suleiman to attack Hungary that year, leading to the Battle of Mohács on August 29, 1526.
At first, although they were more numerous, the advantage was with the Hungarians; Their troops were well rested and familiar with the terrain, while the Ottomans swept through Eastern Europe in a frenzy. However, Suleiman’s army was much more disciplined than the Hungarians, who were supported by a small Polish army.
The Ottoman army crushed the Hungarian defenses, forcing King Louis II of Hungary to flee. As he ran away, he was thrown from his horse into a river, and died, his weapons destroyed him. He is only 20 years old. About 14,000 Hungarian soldiers died. However, Suleiman did not stop there. Two days later, he watched from his golden throne as 2,000 Hungarian prisoners were executed.
In addition, this war showed how Suleiman the Magnificent earned his title: the Ottoman Empire penetrated more into Europe than it had in its history. It also ended the Ottoman-Hungarian War, which had been going on in one form or another since 1366, and ended the Jagiellonian Empire of Hungary with the death of Louis II. Moreover, it indicated the dissolution and division of Hungary, which would last
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